Appendices

Verb List


abimasu / abiru

to take shower (shawaa o abiru)

agarimasu / agaru

to go up, rise (vi.)

agemasu / ageru

to give, present (vt.)

agemasu / ageru

to lift up, raise (vt.)

aimasu / au

to meet

aimasu / au

to fit, match, suit

aimasu / au

to meet with an accident, have problem

akemasu / akeru

to open (vt.)

akimasu / aku

to open, be open, become vacant (vi.)

araimasu / arau

to wash

arimasu / aru

to have / to be at, exist

arukimasu / aruku

to walk

asobimasu / asobu

to play, to enjoy, to amuse

atatamemasu / atatameru

to warm up, heat up

atsumemasu / atsumeru

to collect, gather, call, recruit

butsukarimasu / butsukaru

to hit, clash, bump into, run into

chigaimasu / chigau

be wrong / be different

dashimasu / dasu

to submit, mail, send, take out, show, release, exhibit, publish, serve, provide

dekakemasu / dekakeru

to go out

dekimasu / dekiru

can, to be able to / to be ready, be completed / newly open

demasu / deru

to leave / attend / come out, appear, be served / have damage

fuemasu / fueru

to increase

fumimasu / fumu

to step on

furimasu / furu

to fall, to rain (ame ga), to snow (yuki ga)

futorimasu / futoru

to gain weight, grow fat

ganbarimasu / ganbaru

to do best, hold on to it, stand it out

hairimasu / hairu

to go in, to enter / be in, be included / join / take a bath

hajimarimasu / hajimaru

to start, begin (vi.)

hajimemasu / hajimeru

to start, begin (vt.)

hakarimasu / hakaru

to measure, to weigh

hakimasu / haku

to put on (shoes, pants)

hakobimasu / hakobu

to carry, convey

hanashimasu / hanasu

to talk, speak

haraimasu / harau

to pay

haremasu / hareru

to clear up (weather)

harimasu / haru

to paste, stick, put on

hashirimasu / hashiru

to run

hayarimasu / hayaru

to become popular, be in fashion / to be going around, be prevalent

herimasu / heru

to decrease

hikimasu / hiku

to pull, draw

hikimasu / hiku

to catch a cold (kaze o hiku)

hikimasu / hiku

to play (piano, guitar, etc)

hikkoshimasu / hikkosu

to move (house, office)

hirakimasu / hiraku

to open, hold (event)

hirogemasu / hirogeru

to spread, expand, enlarge, widen

hiyashimasu / hiyasu

to cool, chill

hoemasu / hoeru

to bark

homemasu / homeru

to praise (somebody)

iimasu / iu

to say, tell

ikimasu / ikiru

to live, be alive

ikimasu / iku

to go

imasu / iru

to be at, stay, exist / to have

irasshaimasu / irassharu

respectful form of ikimasu, kimasu and imasu

iremasu / ireru

to put in / include

irimasu / iru

to need

isogimasu / isogu

to hurry, be in a hurry

itadakimasu / itadaku

humble form of moraimasu

itashimasu / itasu

humble form of shimasu

kachimasu / katsu

to win

kaemasu / kaeru

to change, exchange, replace

kaerimasu / kaeru

to return, go home

kaeshimasu / kaesu

to return (something), give back

kaimasu / kau

to buy

kaimasu / kau

to keep a pet, raise (animal)

kakarimasu / kakaru

to take time, to cost

kakemasu / kakeru

to hang, cover, wear eye glasses, have a seat

kakemasu / kakeru

to make a telephone call

kakemasu / kakeru

to lock

kakimasu / kaku

to write, draw, paint

kangaemasu / kangaeru

to think of, think about, consider

karimasu / kariru

to borrow, rent

kashimasu / kasu

to lend, rent to, rent out, loan, let use

katazukemasu / katazukeru

to put in order, put back

kawarimasu / kawaru

to change, to be changed

kayoimasu / kayou

to commute, to go regularly

kazarimasu / kazaru

to decorate, display, exhibit

keshimasu / kesu

to switch off, turn off, erase

kiemasu / kieru

to go off, disappear, turn off, rub off

kikimasu / kiku

to listen to, hear

kikimasu / kiku

to ask (a question)

kikoemasu / kikoeru

(can) hear, be audible

kimarimasu / kimaru

to be decided, be arranged (vi.)

kimasu / kiru

to wear, to put on

kimasu / kuru

to come

kimemasu / kimeru

to decide (vt.)

kiremasu / kireru

to expire / cut well, be sharp

kirimasu / kiru

to cut

komarimasu / komaru

to be troubled, have a hard time

komimasu / komu

to crowd

kondeimasu / kondeiru

to be crowded

korobimasu / korobu

to fall down, tumble

koroshimasu / korosu

to kill, murder

kowaremasu / kowareru

to break, to be broken (vi.)

kowashimasu / kowasu

to break, destroy (vt.)

kumorimasu / kumoru

to become cloudy

kurabemasu / kuraberu

to compare

kuremasu / kureru

to give (to me)

machigaemasu / machigaeru

to make a mistake

machimasu / matsu

to wait

magarimasu / magaru

to turn, curve

mairimasu / mairu

humble form of ikimasu and kimasu

mamorimasu / mamoru

to protect, defend, guard / keep, follow (rules)

maniaimasu / maniau

to be in time for

mawashimasu / mawasu

to turn, roll, round, spin

mayoimasu / mayou

to get lost

meshiagarimasu / meshiagaru

respectful of tabemasu

miemasu / mieru

can see, be visible, be in sight

mimasu / miru

to watch, look, see

misemasu / miseru

to show

mitsukarimasu / mitsukaru

to be found, be discovered

mochimasu / motsu

to hold, carry, have

modorimasu / modoru

to come back

moraimasu / morau

to receive, get, be given

motteikimasu / motteiku

to take something to

motteimasu / motteiru

to have, own, carry with

mottekimasu / mottekuru

to bring

mukaimasu / mukau

to go toward

nagemasu / nageru

to throw, pitch, toss

nagurimasu / naguru

to punch, beat, knock

nakimasu / naku

to cry, weep

nakunarimasu / nakunaru

to run out, be gone, disappear, be lost

nakushimasu / nakusu

to lose

naorimasu / naoru

be cured, recover, get well

naorimasu / naoru

to be repaired, be fixed (vi.)

naoshimasu / naosu

to repair, fix (vt.)

naoshimasu / naosu

to cure (vt.)

narabemasu / naraberu

to line up, put side by side, set out (vt.)

narabimasu / narabu

to stand in a line, queue, line up (vi.)

naraimasu / narau

to learn

naremasu / nareru

to get used to

narimasu / naru

to become, it will be

narimasu / naru

to sound, ring, thunder

nasaimasu / nasaru

respectful of shimasu

nemasu / neru

to go to bed, to sleep

nigemasu / nigeru

to run away, escape, evacuate, refuge

noborimasu / noboru

to climb, go up

nokorimasu / nokoru

to remain, be left over

nomimasu / nomu

to drink

norikaemasu / norikaeru

to transfer (to another train, car), transit

norimasu / noru

to get on, a take train or car, ride

norimasu / noru

to be printed, , be mentioned, be reported

nugimasu / nugu

to take off (shoes, clothes)

nuremasu / nureru

to get wet

nusumimasu / nusumu

to steal

oboemasu / oboeru

to memorize, remember, learn

ochimasu / ochiru

to drop, fall

okimasu / okiru

to get up, to wake up

okimasu / okiru

to happen, occur

okimasu / oku

to place, put, set

okonaimasu / okonau

to hold, perform, carry out

okorimasu / okoru

to get angry, get mad, scold, warn

okorimasu / okoru

to happen, occur

okuremasu / okureru

to be late for, be delayed

okurimasu / okuru

to send

omoimasu / omou

to think

oremasu / oreru

to be broken, be folded

orimasu / oriru

to get off, go down

orimasu / oru

to snap, break, fold, bend, fracture

orimasu / oru

humble of imasu

oshiemasu / oshieru

to teach, inform, notice, let somebody know

oshimasu / osu

to push, press

otoshimasu / otosu

to drop, lose

owarimasu / owaru

to end, finish, over

oyogimasu / oyogu

to swim

sagarimasu / sagaru

to go down, drop

sagashimasu / sagasu

to look for, search

sakimasu / saku

to bloom

sashimasu / sasu

to stick, stab, sting, bite

sawagimasu / sawagu

to make a noise, make a fuss

shikarimasu / shikaru

to scold, warn

shimaimasu / shimau

to put back, end, close

shimarimasu / shimaru

to close, shut

shimasu / suru

to do, play, forming shimasu verb

shimemasu / shimeru

to close

shinimasu / shinu

to die

shirabemasu / shiraberu

to investigate, check, inquire, find out

shirasemasu / shiraseru

to inform, notify, let somebody know

shirimasu / shiru

to know

shitteimasu / shitteiru

I know

sodatemasu / sodateru

to raise, bring up, breed, grow

suimasu / suu

to smoke cigarette, inhale

suiteimasu / suiteiru

be not crowded

sukimasu / suku

to empty, become empty

sumimasu / sumu

to live

susumimasu / susumu

to go forward, progress, improve, advance

sutemasu / suteru

to throw away, dump

suwarimasu / suwaru

to sit down, have a seat

tabemasu / taberu

to eat

tachimasu / tatsu

to stand

tanomimasu / tanomu

to order, ask somebody to do

taoremasu / taoreru

to fall down, collapse

tarimasu / tariru

to be enough

tasukarimasu / tasukaru

be helpful / be saved, be rescued

tatemasu / tateru

to build, stand

tazunemasu / tazuneru

to visit

tazunemasu / tazuneru

to ask (a question)

tetsudaimasu / tetsudau

to help, assist

tobimasu / tobu

to fly, jump

todokimasu / todoku

to be delivered, arrive / reach

tomarimasu / tomaru

to stop (vi.)

tomarimasu / tomaru

to stay at hotel, inn, etc. (vi.)

tomemasu / tomeru

to stop, park (vt.)

toorimasu / tooru

to go through, go by, pass by

torikaemasu / torikaeru

to exchange, replace, switch

torimasu / toru

to get, to take

tsuiteimasu / tsuiteiru

to be included, to be attached

tsukaimasu / tsukau

to use

tsukaremasu / tsukareru

to be tired, get tired

tsukemasu / tsukeru

to turn on, switch on

tsukimasu / tsuku

to arrive

tsukimasu / tsuku

to be lighted, be switched on

tsukimasu / tsuku

to be attached to, be included

tsukurimasu / tsukuru

to make, produce, build, cook

tsutaemasu / tsutaeru

to tell somebody, give a message

tsutomemasu / tsutomeru

to work for (a company)

tsuzukemasu / tsuzukeru

to continue, keep on, go on

uchimasu / utsu

to hit, strike, shoot, fire

uemasu / ueru

to plant

ugokimasu / ugoku

to work, run (mechanical object) / move

ukagaimasu / ukagau

to visit (humble) / ask a question (humble)

ukemasu / ukeru

to take (exam, test, check), receive

umaremasu / umareru

to be born, have a baby

uremasu / ureru

to sell (well), be in demand (vi.)

urimasu / uru

to sell (vt.)

utaimasu / utau

to sing (a song)

wakarimasu / wakaru

to know, understand, find out

waraimasu / warau

to laugh, smile

warimasu / waru

to break (glass object)

wasuremasu / wasureru

to forget, leave something behind

watashimasu / watasu

to hand, hand over, give

yakushimasu / yakusu

to translate

yamemasu / yameru

to stop doing, cancel, resign, quit, give up (plan, idea)

yamimasu / yamu

to stop (rain, snow, noise)

yarimasu / yaru

to do, play, perform, take place

yasemasu / yaseru

to lose weight

yasumimasu / yasumu

to take a day off, break, rest

yobimasu / yobu

to call, hail

yomimasu / yomu

to read

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