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Intermediate Japanese

Nihon no Jinkoo

Population of Japan

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Jinkoo

Nihon no jinkoo wa genzai yaku 1-oku 2,700-man-nin desu.
Nihon ni wa 47 no ToDooFuKen ga arimasu.
(Tokyo-to, Hokkaidoo, Osaka-fu, Kyoto-fu, 43-ken)

Sono naka de, ichiban jinkoo ga ooi tokoro wa Tokyo-to desu.
Tokyo-to no jinkoo wa yaku 1,300-man-nin.
Tsugi wa Kanagawa-ken de yaku 900-man-nin, Sono tsugi wa Osaka-fu de yaku 880-man-nin desu.

Tokyo-to to sono shuuhen no 3-ken no jinkoo wa gookei de yaku 3,500-man-nin. Nihon no zen-jinkoo no 27% desu.
Mata, Osaka-fu to Hyogo-ken, Kyoto-fu no gookei wa 1,700-man-nin de zen-jinkoo no 13% desu.
Nihon no zen-jinkoo no yaku 40% ga kono futatsu no chiiki ni shuuchuu shite imasu.
Kore ni Aichi-ken o kuwaeru to, Nihon no zen-jinkoo no yaku 47% ni narimasu.

Nihon de ichiban jinkoo ga sukunai ken wa Tottori-ken desu. Tottori-ken no jinkoo wa yaku 60-man-nin. Tsugi ni sukunai ken wa Shimane-ken de yaku 74-man-nin desu.
Tokyo ya Osaka nado daitoshi to sono shuuhen ni jinkoo ga shuuchuu shi, chihoo de wa kaso-ka ga susunde iru koto ga wakarimasu.

Genzai, Nihon de wa kodomo no kazu ga hette imasu. Kore o "Shooshi-ka" to yobimasu.
Ippoo, Nihon-jin no heikin-jumyoo wa nennen nobite imasu.
Kono kekka, wakamono ga hette, kooreisha ga fuete imasu. Kore o "Koorei-ka" to yobimasu. Koorei-ka wa genzai no Nihon de ichiban ookina shakai mondai desu.

Shooshi-ka no eikyoo de Nihon no jinkoo wa kongo hette ikimasu. Aru choosa ni yoruto, 2050-nen ni Nihon no jinkoo wa 9,500-man-nin ni naru to iwareteimasu.
Chinamini, sekai de ichiban jinkoo ga ooi kuni wa Chuugoku. Chuugoku no jinkoo wa yaku 13-oku 5,000-man-nin. Sono tsugi wa Indo de 12-oku-nin.
Dochiramo Nihon no yaku 10-bai desu.

Vocabulary

aru

one, a certain, a (something)

bai (-bai)

double, times (two times, three times)

chihoo

local, region, countryside

chiiki

region, area

chinamini

for your information, in fact, incidentally

choosa (shimasu)

(to) investigate, research, study, survey

Chuugoku

China

daitoshi

(very) large city

de

particle indicating a place, or situation, scene, field, event involving an action

de

particle indicating range, amount, degree, period

de

te form of desu using as a connective "and", or indicating a cause

dochiramo

both

dooiu

how, what

dooiu imi

what does it mean

eikyoo

influence, effect, consequences

fuemasu

to increase

fueru

root form of fuemasu

fuete

te form of fuemasu

futatsu

two

genzai

present, current, now

gookei

total

heikin

average

heikin-jumyoo

average life span

herimasu

to decrease, get less

heru

root form of herimasu

hette

te form of herimasu

ichiban

No. 1, most, first

ikimasu (-te ikimasu)

(fp) expressing direction of action or state, (something) keeps going to

imi

meaning

Indo

India

ippoo

on the other hand

iwareteimasu (-to iwareteimasu)

it is said that

jinkoo

population

jumyoo

life span

kaso-ka

depopulation

kawaranai

nai form of kawarimasu

kawarimasu

to change, vary, turn into, replace

kazu

number

kekka

result

ken

prefecture

kodomo

child, children, kid

kongo

after this, hereafter

koorei-ka

aging (of population)

kooreisha

aged person

koto (-koto)

(fp) forming a noun phrase

kuni

country, nation, home country, home town

kuwaemasu

to add

kuwaeru

root form of kuwaemasu

man

ten thousand

mata

also

mondai

problem, question, issue

nado

(... such as ....) etc.

narimasu (-ni narimasu)

(fp) it will be, become

naru

root form of narimasu

nennen

year by year

nobimasu

to get longer, be extended, be postponed, be delayed

nobite

te form of nobimasu

oku

hundred million

ooi

many, a lot

ookina

large, big

paasento

percent, %

sekai

world

shakai

society, community, (real) world

shi

stem of shimasu, used as a connective

shooshi-ka

low birthrate, fewer children

shuuchuu (shimasu)

(ro) concentrate, focus, gather

shuuhen

surrounding areas, circumference

sono naka de

among them, of which

sukunai

few, not many

susumimasu

to go forward, be far along, move through

susunde

te form of susumimasu

to

and

to (-to)

(fp) when, if

to (-to)

quotation marker

to (-to yobimasu)

(fp) we call, it is called

to wa (-to wa dooiu imi desu ka?)

what does it mean?

tokoro

place, spot, point, part, space

tsugi

next, following

wakamono

young people

wakarimasu

to understand / to know, find out

ya

A and B (and, something else)

yaku

approximately, about, nearly

yobimasu (-to yobimasu)

(fp) we call, it is called

yoruto (-ni yoruto)

according to

zen (zen-)

all of, every

(fp) : Functional Pattern


Practices

A.Practice the following words.

Audio 1.jinkoopopulation
Audio 2.genzainow, present(ly), current(ly)
Audio 3.shuuhensurrounding, peripheral
Audio 4.gookei [sv]total, sum
Audio 5.chiikiregion, area, zone
Audio 6.shuuchuu [sv](to) concentrate, focus, gather
Audio 7.kuwaeruto add
Audio 8.daitoshilarge city
Audio 9heikin-jumyooaverage life span
Audio 10.kekkaresult
Audio 11.koorei-shaaged person, elderly person
Audio 12.koorei-kaaging (of population)
Audio 13.fueruto increase
Audio 14.heruto decrease
Audio 15.eikyoo [sv]influence, effect
Audio 16.choosa [sv](to) research, study, survey

B.Practice the following patterns.

Audio 1.sono shuuhen

Tokyo-to to sono shuuhen

Tokyo and and neighboring

Audio 2.[something] wa [something] ni shuuchuu shite iru

Jinkoo wa daitoshi ni shuuchuu shite iru

the population is concentrated in large cities

Audio 3.aru choosa ni yoruto,

Aru choosa ni yoruto, Nihon no jinkoo wa 2050-nen ni ...

according to one study, the population of Japan ... in 2050

Audio 4.kono kekka,

Kono kekka, Nihon de wa wakamono ga hette, kooreisha ga ...

as a result of this, ...

C.Practice the usage of de.

Audio 1.Nihon de, Sekai de

Nihon de ichiban ...

a particle as a place marker, "in", "at"

Audio 2.sono naka de

Sono naka de ichiban jinkoo ga ooi tokoro wa Tokyo desu.

among, in

Audio 3.Tsugi wa Kanagawa-ken de, ..., Tsugi wa Indo de, ...

Ichiban wa Tokyo, tsugi wa Kanagawa-ken de, ...

the te form of desu as a connective "and", "and then"

Audio 4.gookei de

Tokyo-to to sono shuuhen no 3-ken no jinkoo wa gookei de yaku 3,500-man-nin

in total

Audio 5.eikyoo de

Shooshi-ka no eikyoo de, Nihon no jinkoo wa ...

a particle indicating a cause or reason "because of", "as a consequence of"

Comprehension Quiz

A.Choose the correct answer.

1. Tokyo to Osaka no shuuhen ni zen-jinkoo no nan-paasento ga shuuchuu shitei imasu ka?
Yaku 27%
Yaku 40%
Yaku 47%
2. "Koorei-ka" to wa dooiu imi desu ka?
Jinkoo ga heru koto
Kodomo no kazu ga heru koto
Wakamono ga hette, Kooreisha ga fueru koto
3. Nihon no jinkoo wa kongo doo narimasu ka?
Fueru
Heru
Kawaranai

For those who would like to learn more Japanese

Essential Japanese Verbs

This material explains clearly about the meaning of each verb with explaining its usage. "Key Sentences", "Practical Usage" and "Short Dialogues" also help you to grasp how you can apply each verb in communication.

Key Sentences shows you in what sentence pattern each verb is used. Practical Usage and Short Dialogues show how to use each verb in a more practical sense as in frequently used expressions and everyday conversations.

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